Fiber technology

Innovative fibers: sustainable and efficient

The Fiber technology department at the Fraunhofer IAP is at the forefront of the development of fibers, films and nonwovens for technical and textile applications. Our expertise and our modern facilities for solution and melt spinning on a laboratory and pilot plant scale enable us to develop customized solutions for your specific requirements.

We rely on the use of sustainable biopolymers such as cellulose, lignin, proteins or polylactide to create innovative and environmentally friendly materials. With our outstanding expertise in the development of efficient and resource-saving spinning technologies, we generate optimal material properties and offer you innovative solutions for your individual applications.

Thanks to our extensive analytical capabilities for structural characterization, we can elucidate specific process-dependent structure-property relationships. These valuable findings are directly transferred to the development of customized man-made fibers that meet your specific requirements.

Benefit from our extensive expertise! Together we will find the optimum solution to take your company to the next level.

Discover the diverse possibilities of fiber technology

 

Spinning process

Solution and melt spinning on a laboratory and pilot plant scale

 

Bio-based man-made fibers

Viscose, lyocell, lignocellulose, textile
polylactide fibers, precursors for bio-based carbon fibers

 

Synthetic fibers made from recyclable polymers

Services and equipment

Projects and publications

Contact us!

Spinning process

Get to know our extensive and variable systems for solution and melt spinning on a laboratory and pilot plant scale. We place particular emphasis on the development of environmentally friendly and efficient spinning technologies. Structure-property relationships play a significant role in generating the optimum material properties. With our analytical capabilities for structure characterization, we can draw specific conclusions for the corresponding spinning technology and thus create innovative solutions.

Solution spinning process

  • development of chemical fibers using
    viscose and lyocell technology
  • development of alternative processes to transform cellulose and its derivatives
  • precursors for carbon fibers
  • spinning process development for
    customer-specific polymers
 

Melt spinning
process

  • spinning mass analysis (flow behavior, composition, quality)
  • multi-/monofilaments with variable cross-section geometries
  • bicomponent multifilament yarns
  • post-processing: staple fibers and commingling yarns

Analytics

  • textile-physical properties (Favimat Textechno)
  • morphology, initial moist structure
  • characterization of the crystalline phase (WAXS, SAXS)
  • physico-chemical analysis

Bio-based man-made fibers

The use of bio-based man-made fibers is currently experiencing impressive growth. These sustainable materials offer an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional fibers. Viscose, Lyocell and other cellulosic regenerated fibers are just a few examples of these diverse alternatives. They are made from renewable resources such as wood and therefore help to reduce the use of non-renewable resources. But that's not all. Alternative cellulose raw material sources such as orange peel or recycled cotton are also becoming increasingly important. Thanks to innovative technologies and research results, we can use these materials efficiently and create new opportunities. At the same time, biodegradable plastics such as polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene succinate (PBS) are playing an increasingly important role. Not only do they offer an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional plastics, they also help to reduce the use of non-renewable resources.

Viscose fibers

  • investigation of the suitability of cellulose pulps and blends for the production of
    regenerated cellulose using the viscose process
  • cellulose characterization and evaluation (drivers)
  • adaptation and optimization of process parameters
  • Blaschke test plant
  • various wet spinning lines

Lyocell

  • development of high-modulus regenerated cellulose fibers and films
  • investigation of cellulose from natural sources or recycling cycles (used textiles) with regard to processability and safety-related issues
  • extensive material characterization
  • modular plant technology with high flexibility

Thermoplaste

  • process optimization for (partially) bio-based polyamides (PA), polybutylene succinate (PBS), polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT)
  • processing bio-based plastics into filament yarns and meltblown nonwovens
  • analysis: spinning masses, fiber properties/structure
  • verification of the feasibility of customer-specific applications

Stereocomplexed polylactide fibers

  • improvement of thermo-mechanical properties by using stereocomplexation
  • manufacturing processes of stereocomplexed PLA (scPLA) filament yarns
  • scPLA filament yarn based mono-material composites
  • qualified analysis of the crystalline PLA structure

 

Environmentally friendly alternatives to
conventional fibers!

Synthetic fibers made from recyclable polymers

In the textile industry, the importance of staple fibers made from recyclable polymers is steadily increasing, particularly in the context of sustainability and the responsible use of resources. A pioneer in this area is recycled PET (bottle-to-fiber), which has already reached a production share of around 15 percent. In addition, regenerated cellulose fibers are also becoming increasingly important. These fibers are obtained from cellulose in cotton offcuts from production or recycled used textiles or alternative raw material streams for cellulose, such as orange peel.

Cellulose

  • comprehensive pulp characterization (DP, R10, R18, WRV, inorganics, ...)
  • investigation of pulps from recycling loops with regard to processability
  • adaptation and optimization of
    processing parameters

Thermoplastics

  • recyclate properties with regard to yarn formation dynamics
  • spinnability of recycled thermoplastics on a laboratory scale
  • melt spinning processes (rPET, rPP, rPLA) on a pilot plant scale

Services and equipment

Services

 
  • development and adaptation of the wet spinning process to customer-specific polymers
  • processing of polymer solutions using Lyocell technology
  • melt spinning process for new thermoplastic polymers
  • production of nonwovens using the meltblown process
  • carbon fiber development based on alternative precursors

Analytics | Characterization

  • pulp analyses (DP, ash content, α-,β- and γ-cellulose content, molecular weight distribution, metal ion determination)
  • viscose characterization (cellulose and alkali content, γ-value, °H, κ-number)
  • gel starch analysis
  • filterability of spinning solutions (lyocell, viscose, alternative solvent systems)
  • rotational/oscillation and extensional rheometers
  • DSC-coupled microscopy
  • particle size measuring device

Equipment

  • Femix mixer with discharge screw, LIST horizontal mixer Discotherm B63
  • dissolving/dispersing units
  • technical center viscose plant according to Blaschke
  • plant for fiber spreading and dry drawing of fibers
  • solution spinning plants (laboratory/technical scale)
  • meltblown plant: Lyocell nonwovens,
    conversion of meltable polymers into nonwovens
  • Fourné bicomponent meltblown spinning plant
  • stabilization/carbonization equipment for continuous conversion up to 3000 °C

Projects and publications

 

Indoor air: effectively rid of viruses

Press release | 06.10.2021

 

Recyclable, fiber-reinforced material made from 100 percent bio-based polylactic acid

Press release | 29.04.2021

 

Efficiently recycle cotton clothing

Press release | 03.08.2020

AllPLACo

Project to develop novel manufacturing processes for stereocomplex polylactic acid (scPLA) filament yarns and films and the final application of scPLA fibers in PLA-based one-component composite material for injection molding applications

PaPURE

The project is developing processing technology that enables the joining ofpaper through laser-based material modification. The recyclability of packaging produced in this way is increased by avoiding foreign materials.

 

CCPE

Are your products and product systems ready for the circular economy? In the Fraunhofer CCPE cluster, we research these questions for you and help you to make your products circular and turn plastic waste into valuable resources.

Your contact persons

André Lehmann

Contact Press / Media

Dr. André Lehmann

Head of department

Fraunhofer IAP
Geiselbergstraße 69
14476 Potsdam

Phone +49 331 568-1510

Evgueni Tarkhanov

Contact Press / Media

Dr. Evgueni Tarkhanov

Fiber technology

Fraunhofer IAP
Geiselbergstraße 69
14476 Potsdam

Phone +49 331 568-1512

Robert Protz

Contact Press / Media

Dr. Robert Protz

Fiber technology

Fraunhofer IAP
Geiselbergstraße 69
14476 Potsdam

Phone +49 331 568-1427